Cosmetic Companies Design Ads Change Women s Attitudes...

Introduction In American culture, the idea of being a beautiful woman is of the utmost importance. Naomi Wolf (2002) stated that â€Å"beauty is a currency system like the gold standard† (p. 12) and in today’s narcissistic society her beliefs couldn’t be truer. Advertisers seeking sales and revenue continuously bombard women with ads featuring beautiful women selling cosmetics and other skincare products thereby increasing the pressure put on women to look their best. It is estimated that women in the U.S. will spend 12 to 15 thousand dollars a year on beauty services (Newsom, 2011.) and over 62 billion dollars on cosmetics annually in 2016 (IBISWorld, 2016). According to Thompson (n.d.), cosmetic companies design ads to change women’s attitudes towards products. This encourages them to buy more and as a result influences their attitudes and makes them feel disgruntled with their appearance. It also teaches them that their values lie in their bodies and forces women to measure themselves against an impossible beauty standard. Continuous exposure to stereotypical images and themes surrounding beauty, directly influence the way women perceive themselves and their peers. One study found that â€Å"Mass media is especially harmful to women because it constructs negative perceptions of women and reinforces them on a daily basis (Chapman, 2011).† According to Gerbner, Gross, Morgan and Signorielli (1980.), cultivation theory states that heavy television viewers come to believe theShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Integrated Marketing Communications Campaign3079 Words   |  13 Pagesgroups and positioning. 4 4. Analysis of elements of communication mix, and message strategy. 4 5. Integration level of the communication. 6 6. Marketing communication objectives. 6 7. Building a relationship with customers. 7 8. The campaign#8217;s influence on the brand equity. 7 9. Type of the research used to define marketing communication direction. 8 10. Conclusion. 9 11. Bibliography. 10 1. Introduction. This report present the analysis of the communications campaign of Dove Pro AgeRead MoreThe Influence of Brand Loyalty on Cosmetics Buying Behavior of Uae Female Consumers6719 Words   |  27 Pagesof Marketing Studies Vol. 3, No. 2; May 2011 The Influence of Brand Loyalty on Cosmetics Buying Behavior of UAE Female Consumers Dr. Hamza Salim Khraim Marketing Department, Faculty of Business Middle East University, Amman, Jordan E-mail: hkhraim@meu.edu.jo Received: January 24, 2011 Accepted: February 9, 2011 doi:10.5539/ijms.v3n2p123 Abstract The worldwide annual expenditures for cosmetics is estimated at U.S. $18 billion, and many players in the field are competing aggressivelyRead MoreBusiness Case: Marketing Research for Customers Segmentation12172 Words   |  49 Pagessegmentation This document is confidential and has been made available to the individual to whom it is addressed strictly on the understanding that its contents will not be disclosed or discussed with any third parties with exception of the individual s own professional advisers. page. 1 of 29 Table of Contents 1 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................... 3 2 Introduction ...............................Read MoreLOccitane4126 Words   |  17 Pagesname, this logo, this design 5 Part 3 - What about L’Occitane’s advertising? 6 Part 4 - Places, markets, regions 8 Part 5 - How culture could be a challenge? 9 Part 7- Build, measure and manage L Occitane s brand equity? 11 Sum up 13 Conclusion 14 Appendix 15 Introduction o Why L’Occitane? 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The Scarlet Letter Passage Explication Free Essays

Honors American Lit. B Kathryn Durga The Scarlet Letter: The Child at Brook-side3/22/13 In this passage Dimmesdale is speaking about Pearl standing on the other side of the stream refusing to go to him and Hester. The contrast between Pearl standing on the opposite side as them parallels the contrast in their lives. We will write a custom essay sample on The Scarlet Letter: Passage Explication or any similar topic only for you Order Now Hester, now not wearing the scarlet letter, and Dimmesdale are concealing their relationship and their sin in the forest, representing a world of secrecy. Pearl, however, is representing a world of truth by refusing to join them until Hester once again wears the ‘A’, which throughout the book has been Hester’s truth. The two separate worlds that they’re a part of cannot come together until they change; Dimmesdale wants Pearl to be the one to change by joining them in their new plan to escape to Europe and by joining them in their lie. Pearl however refuses to be with them until they join her in her truth. This is exemplified by Pearl not going to her mother until she wears the ‘A’ and by Pearl rejecting Dimmesdale. Pearl washes off Dimmesdale’s kiss after he once again refuses to hold their hands in public, showing yet again how much she rejects dishonesty. Dimmesdale refers to Pearl as an elf which is defined as, â€Å"one of a class of preternatural beings, especially from mountainous regions, with magical powers, given to capricious and often mischievous interference in human affairs, and usually imagined to be a diminutive being in human form†. This parallels to Pearl’s character very well because she is very capricious, her mood often changes very quickly and she can be really unpredictable also throughout the book she seems to be meddling in the affairs of Dimmesdale and Hester by not allowing them to live in secrecy. When Dimmesdale says Hester can never meet Pearl again it shows a strong divide between Hester and Pearl as Pearl is still very innocent and pure while her mother is conveyed as a sinner, similar to the way Christians in the bible view sin as a wall between a person and God. Hawthorne says later in the chapter that the separation was the fault of Hester not the fault of Pearl meaning that it was because of Hester’s transgression that the divide happened not because of anything Pearl did. This shows that Hawthorne believes that sin separates people and that doing something wrong to a person can damage the relationship. This moment shows how Dimmesdale doesn’t want to tell the truth; he wants to be in a loving relationship with Hester but doesn’t want to deal with the sin that they shared. At the moment Hester is carrying the full load of their punishment while Dimmesdale claims he is suffering however he has not had to face the scrutiny of the town the way Hester has. Dimmesdale is asking Pearl to join him in his deceitfulness however she is doing what her mother is not doing by refusing to love and accept Dimmesdale until he reveals his truth and has to deal with the punishment that Hester had to deal with. Overall Hawthorne uses this quote as imagery of the brook and a simile of the separation of the worlds of sin and truth and also uses this to characterize Dimmesdale as a dishonest person. â€Å"‘I have a strange fancy,’ observed the sensitive minister, ‘that this brook is the boundary between two worlds, and that thou canst never meet thy Pearl again. Or is she an elfish spirit, who, as the legends of our childhood taught us, is forbidden to cross a running stream? Pray hasten her; for this delay has already imparted a tremor to my nerves. ’† (pg. 188) How to cite The Scarlet Letter: Passage Explication, Papers

Unisa englilsh free essay sample

It is advisable to have contact with fellow students. One way to do this is to form study groups. The addresses of students in your area may be obtained from the following department: Directorate: Student Admissions and Registration PO Box 392 UNISA 0003 5. 1. 2 myUnisa If you have access to a computer that is linked to the internet, you can quickly access resources and information at the University. The myUnisa learning management system is Unisas online campus that will help you to communicate with your lecturers, with other students and with the administrative departments of Unisa – all through the computer and the internet. To go to the myUnisa website, start at the main Unisa website, http://www. unisa. ac. za, and then click on the â€Å"Login to myUnisa† link on the right-hand side of the screen. This should take you to the myUnisa website. You can also go there directly by typing in http://my. unisa. ac. za. Please consult the publication my Studies @ Unisa which you received with your study material for more information on myUnisa. 5. 1. 3 Tutorials UNISA Regional Centres offer face to face tutorials on Saturdays and we encourage all students to attend the tutorials. Students must consult their nearest regional centres to register for these tutorials. 5 5. 1. 4 Appointment of e-tutors In accordance with UNISA’s 2015 strategic plan, e-tutors have been appointed to assist students in achieving their educational goals. The e-tutors will provide online support and guidance on the myUnisa portal. Students are urged to actively interact and participate on the site as this has the dual function of providing tutorial guidance and an opportunity to engage meaningfully with fellow students. Kindly register for a mylife account to make use of this added advantage. 6 MODULE-SPECIFIC STUDY PLAN Please visit myUnisa for updated study plans. 7 MODULE PRACTICAL WORK AND WORK-INTEGRATED LEARNING This section is not applicable to ENG1511. 8 ASSESSMENT 8. 1 Assessment plan SEMESTER 1 Assignment No. Type of Assignment Compulsory Due dates Unique number Weight 01 Written Yes 14 March 2014 788997 50 02 Written Yes 16 April 2014 887503 50 Assignment No. Type of Assignment Compulsory Due dates Unique number Weight 01 Written Yes 15 August 2014 840768 50 02 Written Yes 12 September 2014 898692 50 SEMESTER 2 8. 2 General assignment numbers Assignment 1: Reflection and reading Assignment 2: Essay writing 8. 2. 1 Unique assignment numbers Semester 1 Assignment 1: 788997 6 ENG1511/101 Assignment 2: 887503 Semester 2 Assignment 1: 840768 Assignment 2: 898692 8. 2. 2 Due dates for assignments See 8. 1 above. 8. 3 Submission of assignments See 8. 1 above. 8. 4 Assignments SEMESTER 1 ASSIGNMENTS Assignment No. Type of Assignment Compulsory Due dates Unique number Weight 01 Written Yes 14 March 2014 788997 50 02 Written Yes 16 April 2014 887503 50 ASSIGNMENT 01: SEMESTER 1 DUE DATE: 14 MARCH 2014 UNIQUE NUMBER: 788997 COMPULSORY: YES Read the following story and answer the questions that follow. 1. It was in 1997 that we first met. 2. I first saw Mimmy on one of my visits to Soshanguve to see my homeboys. My friends were tenants in a certain house with backrooms. There were two backrooms in that yard, one for gents and the other for ladies. Mimmy rented one of the rooms. Unlike other love stories, ours was not love at first sight. I visited a number of occasions before I really noticed that there was this young woman in particular. You know how mischievous boys are! But, for my friends and me, mischief meant just talking about girls. 3. 4. Most of the time when I was visiting my friends, Mimmy would either be busy or not be there at all. That didn’t bother me that much. Mimmy was reserved and she seemed not to notice us or other people for that matter, she seemed somewhat oblivious to the comings and goings of people around her. 7 Don’t get me wrong here, I don’t mean that she was rude. I mean she would only greet us and go her own way while the other girls would greet us and chat a bit. 5. I realized that she was not like the other girls. 6. I was intrigued; I decided to approach her to get to know her better. I remember very well the first time I approached her. She was wearing a long navy dress with buttons from the chest down. Because we were making a noise in front of the backrooms, she decided to go to the back of the house with her books. Fortunately, or maybe unfortunately, I saw her and followed her. She was studying, but in a naughty way I decided to interrupt her. 7. I introduced myself first and asked for her name. I asked why she was studying outside – that is where I got the noise story. I was fascinated, mine was just to understand what kind of a person this was, who didn’t mingle with others. But I got more than I had bargained for. 8. After that ‘first’ meeting, I found myself visiting my homeboys more often. On my visits I realized Mimmy and I had many things in common, and from then on we became friends. We spent hours doing different things. We went to the library together. We went to gym together. We jogged together. We even accompanied each other as we went grocery shopping. I started to understand what people mean when they say they have friends with whom they share ideas and life experiences. Mimmy was such a friend. When I had an interesting or disturbing occurrence, I would go and visit her just to talk to her about it. 9. Then, my visits started to be more for Mimmy than my homeboys. Our friendship was raising eyebrows. Many of our friends thought we were in love, but we both knew we were just friends. I never imagined that we would be lovers because we were such good friends. In fact, I used to think that one day I would be one of the VIPs at Mimmy’s wedding celebration! 10. When it was time for school holidays, I felt that the days were too long. I realized that I was actually missing Mimmy. Then it dawned on me that that was a different kind of friendship. I remember two of my friends asking me about Mimmy in terms of her being a beautiful woman. Somehow I felt jealousy creeping up on me. It gradually became clear that, â€Å"I love this woman. I am in love! † You can say I was now intoxicated with love. But I couldn’t tell her, not yet. 11. I tried my best to ignore the fact that I was falling in love with my friend. I didn’t know what she would say to me if I broke the news to her. The audacity of declaring my feelings to her was not an option! I purposed in my heart, then, that I wouldn’t tell her anything until I was sure that she felt the same way about me. 12. Then, one day while we were chatting along the way, I realized from our conversation that she was also in trouble†¦she was also in love. 8 ENG1511/101 13. To cut a long story short, one day I decided to be a man about my feelings. I asked her to visit and told her that there was something very special that I wanted to tell her. Her eyes were sparkling with wonder and excitement in anticipation of what the issue would be. That day finally came, the 1st of May, it was a holiday and it was perfect. 14. I first told her that I wanted my children to have teeth like hers, lips like hers! She seemed puzzled but I think she was just trying to make me say the right words before she could comment By Percy Malatsi Now answer the following questions. 1. Look up all the dictionary entries of the following words and write down the one that is most contextually relevant to the text. i) Tenant ii) Intrigue iii) Audacity iv) Oblivious (4 marks) 2. Which of the following words has a prefix that means ‘not’ or ‘the opposite of’? i) Understand ii) Until iii) Unlike iv) Underling v) Unfortunately (2 marks) 3. Correct the following sentences for subject-verb agreement, tenses and fragments. i) My cat it is very playful. ii) When he thought he could afford to pay his own school fees. iii) This children keep making a noise. iv) These are great news indeed; I can’t believe I made it! v) When I was young, I use to love playing with dolls. vi) He is an energetic young woman. vii) Going home now, how I wish I could get there before it starts to rain. viii) In 1990, he lead his team to a glorious victory. ix) Everyone have a right to live happily ever after. x) I am taking a bus to school every day. (10 marks) If you wanted to know the name of the place where this story takes place, would you skim or would you scan through the story? (1 mark) 4. 5. If you wanted to know the gist of the story, would you skim or would you scan through the story? (1 mark) 6. Skimming and scanning form part of the -reading strategies. (1 mark) 9 7. Find three sets of homophones in the passage. (3 marks) 8. Why is ‘first’ in the first sentence of paragraph 8 in inverted comas? (1 mark) 9. The writer claims that he had many things in common with Mimmy. In which paragraph do we find evidence to support that claim? (1 mark) 10. Paraphrase the sentence, â€Å"To cut a long story short, one day I decided to be a man about my feelings. † (Paragraph 13) (1 mark) Total: 252= 50x 2=100 10 ENG1511/101 ASSIGNMENT 02: SEMESTER 1 DUE DATE: 16 April 2014 UNIQUE NUMBER: 887503 COMPULSORY: YES Assignment function This assignment gives you the opportunity to write an argumentative essay and receive feedback. Before you attempt this assignment, please read through the marking code and the marking assessment grid below as this will give you an indication of how your assignment will be marked. Marking Code SYMBOL ERROR EXPLANATION abb Abbreviation Do not use abbreviations, or contractions (such as cant, dont, etc) in formal writing ap Apostrophe error An apostrophe is a comma that hangs above the line to indicate possession or missing letters boy’s nose; boys’ noses; I’ll; isn’t; it’s; NB: its (without an apostrophe) is the possessive form: The dog chewed its bone. cap Capital letter The word should begin with a capital letter. p Punctuation You have mis-used a punctuation mark, or omitted one where it was necessary. sp Spelling You have mis-spelt a word. Try to get into the habit of using a dictionary consistently. l/c Lower case This word does not begin with a capital letter. 11 SYMBOL ERROR EXPLANATION agr (s/v) Agreement error Your verb does not agree with your subject in number. Check whether your subject is singular or plural, e. g. The students read the book, but The student reads the book art Article error You have used a instead of the, or vice versa, or left one of them out. c/s Comma splice You have joined two ideas (ie two separate sentences) without using a connecting word, or proper punctuation. Either add a connecting word, or change the comma to a semi-colon, or break the comma-spliced sentence into two separate sentences. Fragmentary sentence Your sentence does not have a verb, and therefore is only a fragment of a sentence. Incomplete sentence You have left out part of the sentence. T Tense error Your verb is in the wrong tense. WO Word Order incorrect The words in your sentence are in the wrong place. Your marker will have used arrows to indicate where the word(s) should go. amb Ambiguity Your statement could have two meanings. Rephrase. arg Argument Your argument / explanation is not methodical / coherent / relevant. awk Awkward phrasing Your sentence sounds awkward and clumsy. Revise word choice and word order. st Style slang/colloquial/sms language-rewrite in formal English frag / inc 12 ENG1511/101 SYMBOL ERROR EXPLANATION exp Expresion faulty Your sentence is difficult to understand because of errors too numerous to list. irr Irrelevant What you have said has nothing to do with the topic. L? / ill Logic faulty illogical vague puzzling [ New Paragraph You have started discussing a new idea. You need a new paragraph. Vocabulary error / Wrong word You have used the wrong word or you could have used a better one. wdy Wordiness You have used too many words to say something which could be said far more simply and concisely. / Instead of Delete Insert Replace with what is suggested instead. Omit this word/phrase/ explanation. A word or a letter is missing here. voc WW 0 / ? / / or Illogical, or your writing does not make sense here. clarify the sense Write and revise your essay with the following evaluators’ guidelines in mind: Marking Assessment Content (25) and expression (25); Total: (50). †¢ †¢ Content includes topic interpretation, ideas (relevance, weight, originality) and their organisation (introduction conclusion; paragraphing; cohesion; logicality). Expression rates a candidates control of standard academic English, particularly as reflected in sentence structure, diction and correctness. 13 % Content m/25 Expression m/25 4 1 1 8 2 2 12 3 3 16 4 4 20 24 Interpretation and arguments so lacking in intelligence that it would be futile for this candidate to repeat the subject. 5 6 Ranges from incomprehensible to barely literate: vocabulary sentence patterns elementary; serious errors in sentence structure, language, diction, spelling punctuation. 5 6 28 7 7 32 8 8 36 9 9 40 44 48 52 Inadequate despite some understanding of the topic; ideas confused or disconnected; lacks logical sequencing, development cohesion. Just adequate in the balance of considerations. 56 60 64 68 10 11 12 13 14 Sound. Clear grasp of the task; deals well with the obvious points; organises ideas logically; or some imbalance arriving at the same level of general success. 15 16 17 Meaning confused or obscured: vocabulary and sentence patterns limited; errors in sentence structure, language, diction, spelling punctuation. 10 Meaning seldom obscured; adequate control of basics; lightly sprinkled with errors. 13 Ranges from being clear and correct on the one hand to mixing flair with some clumsiness in a convincing show of promise on the other. 15 11 12 14 16 17 72 18 76 14 18 19 19 ENG1511/101 80 84 88 Convincing signs of superior intelligence and control; obvious clarity of interpretation originality of thought; logically sequenced, cohesive, well supported. 20 21 22 Lucid, economical, even elegant; chooses words aptly from obvious depths of vocabulary; effortless control of complex sentences to express complex ideas; virtually error-free. 20 21 22 92 23 23 96 100 24 24 25 25 STEPS TO SUBMITING YOUR ESSAY a. b. c. d. e. f. Plan your essay following the steps in your Study Guide. Write the first draft. Give the draft to a friend/ colleague/ family member to read and comment on. Use the comments to revise and edit your draft. Write the final revised essay. Submit the following in one assignment cover, stapled together. If you are submitting online via MyUnisa, scan all documents into one file and upload this one file as your assignment (MyUnisa cannot handle different files submitted for one assignment). You do not need to sign your declaration form if you are submitting on-line, just type the words from the form and include your full names in the signature space: i) Essay plan (brainstorming) ii) First draft (with comments) iii) The final revised essay iv) The signed declaration form Please ensure that you submit your assignment by the due date. INSTRUCTIONS Write an argumentative essay on ONE of the following topics . Provide a heading which summarises your point of view and then write a convincing argument in support of your views. Your essay should be approximately 500 words in length (about two pages). You can handwrite your essay using the writing pads you received when you registered. You can also type your essay using 12 font size, double-spaced. Please leave enough space in the margins for marker comments. 15 1. Social media have made our lives easier. Write an essay in which you agree or disagree with this statement. 2. It has been almost 20 years since the last African country gained its independence. In these years, do you think the governments of Africa have done enough to meet the needs of their citizens? Give examples to support your argument. 3. There is nothing that the youth can teach the older generation. Write an essay in which you agree or disagree with this statement. 16 ENG1511/101 Plagiarism This is not a research essay. We are interested in your own experiences and views, and in your own words to express them. Do not plagiarise anyone else’s work. It is a criminal offence; it is easy for us to detect it; if we do, we may cancel your registration on the grounds of fraud. NB. YOU WILL BE PENALISED HEAVILY IF YOU JUST COPY AND PASTE INFORMATION FROM THE INTERNET WITHOUT ANY ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. Cut out the declaration below, sign it and staple it to the inside cover of your assignment. NB. No Assignment 02 will be accepted without this attachment. Declaration Name: .. Student number: . I declare that this assignment is my own original work. I have not copied anyone else’s work or allowed anyone else to copy mine. I am aware that plagiarism is fraud and may be punished by the cancellation of an offending student’s registration. Signed: .. 17 18 ENG1511/101 SEMESTER 2 ASSIGNMENTS Assignment No. Type of Assignment Compulsory Due dates Unique number Weight 01 Written Yes 15 August 2014 840768 50 02 Written Yes 12 September 2014 898692 50 ASSIGNMENT 01 DUE DATE: 12 August 2014 UNIQUE NUMBER: 840768 COMPULSORY: YES INSTRUCTIONS: Read through your Study Guide and answer the following questions. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow. 1. I was born in the heat of South Africa’s political strife, in the year 1976. I was raised in a big family with sisters, brothers, grandparents, aunts and uncles. Times were tough, resources and opportunities limited. Still my parents, a teacher and a nurse, provided not only for their children, but also for the extended family. Because of these shared resources, my four siblings and I did not have the luxury of attending affluent schools. 2. We were lucky to have had the opportunity to go to school at all. While my paternal grandparents had also been part of the fortunate few educated, my maternal grandparents did not have any formal education. They tried to give their children (my mom and her siblings) the best education they could. The eagerness with which my parents studied inspires me even today. From the limited access to educational facilities, both my parents studied to honours level and, at their age, they are still engaged in postgraduate studies. 3. Very much like my parents, my schooling was not always easy. The government schools were not well resourced, but we had passionate teachers who always told us that with education, we would go far in life. I thank God that those words were further emphasized at home. School was difficult as English was the language of learning and teaching, and yet a language we were not speakers of. To compound the problem further, some of the teachers were not proficient in English. My colleagues still don’t believe that I was often taught English in my native language, isiZulu! Despite all that, it was my love for language that motivated me to master English. 19 I realized very early in life that English is the language of power. I realized that if I armed myself with this tool, I could use it to open many doors. Furthermore, I realized that I could help others unlock their potential and reach their dreams as well. 4. I had dreams of furthering my studies when I was growing up; I wanted to achieve great things in life. Whenever I spoke about my dreams to my peers, they would laugh at me and say dreaming of living like a White man was exactly that, a dream! You see, I grew up in a black township and attended government schools. We hardly ever had interactions with White people and my peers always associated the ‘good’ life with being White. The ‘good’ life seemed out of reach for many, who in turn made it their mission to discourage the hopefuls. I was tenacious and rigid; I didn’t let that deter me. 5. My ‘first’ encounter with Whites was when I started studying at university. At university I decided to major in English, a territory that was not usually trodden back then. I couldn’t help but notice that I was treated with a certain level of disdain for my choice in majors. My black peers thought I was trying to achieve the impossible, trying to be superior, to be ‘White’, while the White lecturers tried to discourage my classmates and me. I got the impression that they thought we were not good enough to major in English. This only fuelled my drive to excel in my chosen major subjects. In my experience as both a learner and later a language practitioner, one has to have a drive that will obstinately motivate one to succeed against all odds. 6. To cut a long story short, I’m in the process of registering for my PhD in English and I’ve been told it will be hard. I’m not naive, I know it will be hard, but I also know for sure that I’ll make it! Now answer the following questions. 1. 2. 20 Write all the dictionary entries of the following words. i) Disdain ii) Affluent iii) Tenacious iv) Compound (4 marks) Which of the following words has a prefix that means ‘not’ or ‘the opposite of’? i) Impossible ii) Impale iii) Imperial iv) Imminent v) Immature (2 marks) ENG1511/101 3. Correct the following sentences for subject-verb agreement, tenses and fragments. i) My car it is very beautiful. ii) When he thought he could afford to pay his own school fees. iii) This students keep making noise. iv) When I was young, I use to love playing with dolls. v) I’m don’t like horror movies. vi) Going home now, how I wish I could get there before it starts to rain. vii) Everyone have a right to live happily ever after. viii) These are great news indeed; I can’t believe I made it! ix) In 1990, he lead his team to a glorious victory. x) I am writing my homework after every class. (10 marks) 4. If you wanted to know if the passage has any reference to the year 1976, would you skim or would you scan through the story? (1 mark) 5. If you wanted to know the gist of the passage, would you skim or would you scan through the story? (1 mark) 6. Skimming and scanning form part of the -reading strategies. (1 mark) 7. What evidence is there that the writer is tenacious? (2 marks) 8. Which paragraph tells us more about the writer’s early school days? (1 mark) 9. What would be a suitable heading for this passage? (1 mark) 10. What is the main idea in paragraph 6? (1 mark) 11. Paraphrase the sentence, â€Å"In my experience as both a learner and later a language practitioner, one has to have a drive that will obstinately motivate one to succeed against all odds. † (1 mark) Total: 252= 50x 2=100 21 ASSIGNMENT 02: SEMESTER 2 DUE DATE: 12 SEPTEMBER 2014 UNIQUE NUMBER: 898692 COMPULSORY: YES Assignment function This assignment gives you the opportunity to write an argumentative essay and receive feedback. Marking Code SYMBOL abb ap ERROR EXPLANATION Abbreviation Do not use abbreviations, or contractions (such as cant, dont, etc) in formal writing Apostrophe error An apostrophe is a comma that hangs above the line to indicate possession or missing letters boy’s nose; boys’ noses; I’ll; isn’t; it’s; NB: its (without an apostrophe) is the possessive form: The dog chewed its bone. cap Capital letter The word should begin with a capital letter. p Punctuation You have mis-used a punctuation mark, or omitted one where it was necessary. sp Spelling You have mis-spelt a word. Try to get into the habit of using a dictionary consistently. l/c Lower case This word does not begin with a capital letter. agr (s/v) Agreement error Your verb does not agree with your subject in number. Check whether your subject is singular or plural, e. g. The students read the book, but The student reads the book 22 ENG1511/101 SYMBOL ERROR EXPLANATION art Article error You have used a instead of the, or vice versa, or left one of them out. c/s Comma splice You have joined two ideas (ie two separate sentences) without using a connecting word, or proper punctuation. Either add a connecting word, or change the comma to a semi-colon, or break the comma-spliced sentence into two separate sentences. Fragmentary sentence Your sentence does not have a verb, and therefore is only a fragment of a sentence. Incomplete sentence You have left out part of the sentence. T Tense error Your verb is in the wrong tense. WO Word Order incorrect The words in your sentence are in the wrong place. Your marker will have used arrows to indicate where the word(s) should go. amb Ambiguity Your statement could have two meanings. Rephrase. arg Argument Your argument / explanation is not methodical / coherent / relevant. awk Awkward phrasing Your sentence sounds awkward and clumsy. Revise word choice and word order. st style slang/colloquial/sms language-rewrite in formal English exp Expression faulty Your sentence is difficult to understand because of errors too numerous to list. frag / inc 23 SYMBOL ERROR EXPLANATION irr Irrelevant L? / ill Logic faulty illogical vague puzzling [ New Paragraph You have started discussing a new idea. You need a new paragraph. Vocabulary error / Wrong word You have used the wrong word or you could have used a better one. wdy Wordiness You have used too many words to say something which could be said far more simply and concisely. / Instead of Delete Insert Replace with what is suggested instead. Omit this word/phrase/ explanation. A word or a letter is missing here. voc WW 0 / ? / What you have said has nothing to do with the topic. / or Illogical, or your writing does not make sense here. clarify the sense Write and revise your essay with the following evaluators’ guidelines in mind: 24 ENG1511/101 Marking Assessment Content (25) and expression (25). Total: 50. †¢ Content includes topic interpretation, ideas (relevance, weight, originality) and their organisation (introduction conclusion; paragraphing; cohesion; logicality). †¢ Expression rates a candidates control of standard academic English, particularly as reflected in sentence structure, diction and correctness. % Content m/25 Expression m/25 4 1 1 8 2 2 12 3 3 16 4 20 24 Interpretation and arguments so lacking in intelligence that it would be futile for this candidate to repeat the subject. 5 6 4 Ranges from incomprehensible to barely literate: vocabulary sentence patterns elementary; serious errors in sentence structure, language, diction, spelling punctuation. 5 6 28 7 7 32 8 8 36 9 9 40 44 48 52 Inadequate despite some understanding of the topic; ideas confused or disconnected; lacks logical sequencing, development cohesion. Just adequate in the balance of considerations. 56 60 64 10 11 12 13 14 Sound. Clear grasp of the task; deals well with the obvious points; organises 15 16 Meaning confused or obscured: vocabulary and sentence patterns limited; errors in sentence structure, language, diction, spelling punctuation. Meaning seldom obscured; adequate control of basics; lightly sprinkled with errors. Ranges from being clear and correct on the one hand to mixing flair with some clumsiness in a 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 25 68 ideas logically; or some imbalance arriving at the same level of general success. 17 convincing show of promise on the other. 17 72 18 18 76 19 19 80 84 88 Convincing signs of superior intelligence and control; obvious clarity of interpretation originality of thought; logically sequenced, cohesive, well supported. 20 21 22 Lucid, economical, even elegant; chooses words aptly from obvious depths of vocabulary; effortless control of complex sentences to express complex ideas; virtually error-free. 20 21 22 92 23 23 96 100 24 24 25 25 STEPS TO SUBMITING YOUR ESSAY a. b. c. d. e. f. Plan your essay following the steps in your Study Guide. Write the first draft. Give the draft to a friend/ colleague/ family member to read and comment on. Use the comments to revise and edit your draft. Write the final revised essay. Submit the following in one assignment cover, stapled together. If you are submitting online via MyUnisa, scan all documents into one file and upload this one file as your assignment (MyUnisa cannot handle different files submitted for one assignment). You do not need to sign your declaration form if you are submitting on-line, just type the words from the form and include your full name in the signature space: i) Essay plan (brainstorming) ii) First draft (with comments) iii) The final revised essay iv) The declaration form Please ensure that you submit your assignment by the due date. 26 ENG1511/101 Write an argumentative essay on ONE of the following essays. Provide a heading which summarises your point of view and then write a convincing argument in support of your views. Your essay should be approximately 500 words in length (about two pages). You can also type your essay using 12 font size, double-spaced. Please leave enough space in the margins for marker comments. 1. African Universities are ready for the implementation of online learning. Write an essay in which you agree or disagree with this statement. 2. People should wear whatever they feel comfortable in, irrespective of other people’s opinions. Write an essay in which you agree or disagree with this statement. 3. Guns should be banned. Write an essay in which you agree or disagree with this statement. 27 28 ENG1511/101 Plagiarism This is not a research essay. We are interested in your own experiences and views, and in your own words to express them. Do not plagiarise anyone else’s work. It is a criminal offence; it is easy for us to detect it; if we do, we may cancel your registration on the grounds of fraud. NB. YOU WILL BE PENALISED HEAVILY IF YOU JUST COPY AND PASTE INFORMATION FROM THE INTERNET WITHOUT ANY ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. Cut out the declaration below, sign it and staple it to the inside cover of your assignment. NB. No Assignment 02 will be accepted without this attachment. Declaration Name:.. Student number: . I declare that this assignment is my own original work. I have not copied anyone else’s work or allowed anyone else to copy mine. I am aware that plagiarism is fraud and may be punished by the cancellation of an offending student’s registration. Signed: .. 29 30 ENG1511/101 9 OTHER ASSESSMENT METHODS Other assessment activities are on MyUnisa. Log on for more information. 10

What is cultural relativity Essay Paper Example For Students

What is cultural relativity? Essay Paper Cultural relativity is an important principle in anthropology since anthropology is the study of human beings in all places and at all times, anthropologists have to understand societies on their own terms and have to avoid making value judgements. Anthropology seeks to produce useful generalization about people and their behaviour and arrive at an unbiased understanding of human diversity. Keesing has defined a society as a population marked by relative separation from surrounding populations and a distinctive culture. We will write a custom essay on What is cultural relativity? Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now A fundamental belief of anthropologists is that learned behaviour, culture plays a vital role in human life. Anthropologists learn about other societies and cultures through fieldwork and participant observation another method used is the ethnographic approach. This involves the study of small-scale societies or relatively small groups of people in order to understand how they view the world and organise their daily lives. An example of an ethnographic case study is heart distress in Maragheh, Iran this heart distress is more frequent in Iranian women and it expresses the problems they are having in their lives. It is a self-labelled folk illness that expresses a wide range of physical, psychological, and social problems at the same time. Ethnocentric is an adjective describing the condition of viewing and judging (often in pejorative terms) other cultures and societies according to the (usually-taken-for-granted) assumptions of ones own society. By way of contrast, anthropology is concerned not only to highlight our assumptions but also to show that other cultures and societies are different to our own, but not worse or better. Ethnography can be best understood by examining the theoretical assumptions, which underlie it. Blummer (1969) has stated the concepts of culture as acquired knowledge has much in common with symbolic interactions, a theory that seeks to explain human terms of meaning. To conclude anthropology is a subject, which has many benefits in the study of human culture, anthropologists have learnt to treat all cultures equally and not have a biased view; furthermore they have learnt how different cultures treat different illnesses such as herbal healers and magic men treating the ill in Nepal.

Free Essays on Charles Manson

Charles Manson is known as one of the most sinister and evil criminals of all time. He organized the murders that shocked the world and his name still strikes fear into American hearts. Manson's childhood, personality, and uncanny ability to control people led to the creation of a family-like cult and ultimately to the bloody murders of numerous innocent people. Charles M. Manson was born in Cincinnati, Ohio on November 11, 1934. His mother, Kathleen Maddox, was a teenage prostitute. Manson's father walked out on the still pregnant Maddox, never to be seen again. In order to give her bastard son a name, Ms. Maddox married William Manson. He soon abandoned the both of them. Manson's mother often neglected Charles after her husband left her. She tried to put him into a foster home, but the arrangements fell through. As a last resort she sent Charles to school in Terre Haute, Indiana. Mrs. Manson failed to make the payments for the school and once again Charles was sent back to his mother's abuse. At only fourteen, Manson left his mother and rented a room for himself. He supported himself with odd jobs and petty theft. His mother turned him into the juvenile authorities, who had him sent to "Boys Town," a juvenile detention center, near Omaha, Nebraska. Charles spent a total of three days in "Boys Town" before running away. He was arrested in Peoria, Illinois for robbing a grocery store and was then sent to the Indiana Boys School in Plainfield, Indiana, where he ran away another eighteen times before he was caught and sent to the National Training School for Boys in Washington D.C. Manson never had a place to call "home" or a real family. He spent his childhood being sent from one place to another, and trouble always seemed to follow him. His mother's negligence left Manson without a home and without much of a future. Manson turned to crime to support hi... Free Essays on Charles Manson Free Essays on Charles Manson Charles Manson is known as one of the most sinister and evil criminals of all time. He organized the murders that shocked the world and his name still strikes fear into American hearts. Manson's childhood, personality, and uncanny ability to control people led to the creation of a family-like cult and ultimately to the bloody murders of numerous innocent people. Charles M. Manson was born in Cincinnati, Ohio on November 11, 1934. His mother, Kathleen Maddox, was a teenage prostitute. Manson's father walked out on the still pregnant Maddox, never to be seen again. In order to give her bastard son a name, Ms. Maddox married William Manson. He soon abandoned the both of them. Manson's mother often neglected Charles after her husband left her. She tried to put him into a foster home, but the arrangements fell through. As a last resort she sent Charles to school in Terre Haute, Indiana. Mrs. Manson failed to make the payments for the school and once again Charles was sent back to his mother's abuse. At only fourteen, Manson left his mother and rented a room for himself. He supported himself with odd jobs and petty theft. His mother turned him into the juvenile authorities, who had him sent to "Boys Town," a juvenile detention center, near Omaha, Nebraska. Charles spent a total of three days in "Boys Town" before running away. He was arrested in Peoria, Illinois for robbing a grocery store and was then sent to the Indiana Boys School in Plainfield, Indiana, where he ran away another eighteen times before he was caught and sent to the National Training School for Boys in Washington D.C. Manson never had a place to call "home" or a real family. He spent his childhood being sent from one place to another, and trouble always seemed to follow him. His mother's negligence left Manson without a home and without much of a future. Manson turned to crime to support hi...

10 Fast Facts about Sin City

10 Fast Facts about Sin City Las Vegas is the largest city in the  state of Nevada. It is the county seat of Clark County, Nevada. It is also the 28th most populous city in the U.S. with a city population of 567,641 (as of 2009). Las Vegas is known around the world for its resorts, gambling, shopping and dining and it calls itself the Entertainment Capital of the World.   It should be noted that in popular terms, the name Las Vegas is mostly used to describe the resort areas on the 4 miles (6.5 km) Las Vegas Strip on Las Vegas Boulevard. However, the Strip is mainly in the unincorporated communities of Paradise and Winchester. Nevertheless, the city is most well-known for the Strip and downtown. Facts About The Las Vegas Strip Las Vegas was originally established as an outpost to western trails and in the early 1900s, it became a popular railroad town. At that time, it was a staging post for mining in the surrounding area. Las Vegas was established in 1905 and it officially became a city in 1911. The city declined in growth shortly after its founding, but in the mid-1900s it continued to grow. In addition, the completion of the Hoover Dam, about 30 miles (48 km) away, in 1935 again caused Las Vegas to grow.Most of the early major development of Las Vegas occurred in the 1940s after gambling was legalized in 1931. Its legalization led to the development of large casino-hotels, the earliest of which were managed by the mob and were associated with organized crime.By the late 1960s, businessman Howard Hughes had purchased many of Las Vegas casino-hotels and organized crime was run out of the city. Tourism from around the U.S. grew considerably during this time but nearby military personnel were known to frequ ent the area which caused a building boom in the city. Most recently, the popular Las Vegas Strip has undergone a process of redevelopment that began with the opening of The Mirage hotel in 1989. This resulted in the construction of other large hotels on the southern part of Las Vegas Boulevard, aka the Strip, and initially, tourists were driven away from the original downtown area. Today, however, a variety of new projects, events and the construction of housing has caused tourism to increase downtown.The main sectors of the economy of Las Vegas are within tourism, gaming, and conventions. These have also caused the related service sectors of the economy to grow. Las Vegas is home to two of the worlds largest Fortune 500 companies, MGM Mirage and Harrahs Entertainment. It also has several companies involved in the manufacturing of slot machines. Away from downtown and the Strip, residential growth in Las Vegas is rapidly occurring, so construction is also a major sector of the economy.Las Vegas is located in Clark County in southern Nev ada. Geographically, it sits in a basin within the Mojave Desert and as such the area surrounding Las Vegas is dominated by desert vegetation and it is surrounded by dry mountain ranges. The average elevation of Las Vegas is 2,030 feet (620 m). The climate of Las Vegas is an arid desert with hot, mostly dry summers and mild winters. It has an average of 300 sunny days per year and averages about 4.2 inches of rainfall per year. Because it is in a desert basin, however, flash flooding is a concern when precipitation occurs. Snow is rare, but not impossible. The July average high temperature for Las Vegas is 104.1 °F (40 °C), while the January average high is 57.1 °F (14 °C).Las Vegas is considered one of the fastest growing areas in the U.S. and recently it has become a popular destination for retirees and families. Most of the new residents of Las Vegas originate from California.Unlike many major cities in the U.S., Las Vegas does not have any major-league professional sports team. This is mainly because of concerns over sports betting and competition for the citys other attractions.The Clark County School District, the area in which Las Vegas lies, is the fifth most populous school district in the U.S. In terms of higher education, the city is near the University of Nevada, Las Vegas in Paradise, about 3 miles (5 km) from the city limits, as well as several community colleges and private universities.

Management Styles within Large and Small Firms and How These Styles Essay

Management Styles within Large and Small Firms and How These Styles May Impact On the Employment Relationship - Essay Example This adoption of managerial styles has yielded long term workforce commitment and led to sustainable levels of overall organisational success (Turnbull and Blyton, 2004, p22). This statement clearly implies that management styles have a profound and measurable impact on the long run success of firms, although there have been claims that the managerial styles in large firms differ from those adopted in small firms (Longnecker et al., 2000, p75), due to a number of possible reasons. As a result, the employment relationship also differs within large and small firms operating within the same industry. According to the European Commission (2005, p14), a small enterprise is described as a business, which employs less than 50 individuals. The annual balance sheet or the annual turnover for this business does not go beyond the 10 million euro mark (European Commission 2005, p14). On the other hand, a large enterprise is a business, which has more than 250 employees, and has exceeded the limi ts of a medium-sized enterprise (QFinance 2012, p1). Therefore, this study is attempts to critically appraise the management styles within companies of various sizes, in order to ascertain and illustrate the impact that variations in management styles may have upon the employment relationship. Management styles can be defined as the characteristic ways in which decisions are made related to the subordinates. They are the efforts, direction, and strategies used by the manager to develop an efficient workplace, and accomplish organizational goals. There are five management styles and they include autocratic, consultative, persuasive, democratic, and laissez faire management styles (Chartered Technofunctional Institute 2012, p1). This study is informed by reference to relevant examples and case studies drawn from academic literature, seeking to ensure a balanced examination of the issues relating to managerial styles and their relationship to the employment relationship. In order to do so, this study provides a comparison of the managemen t styles within firms with reference to theoretical concepts in order to examine the difference, if any, present in the styles used by small and large companies. This essay also describes how the concepts of ‘Unitarism’ and ‘Pluralism’ influence employment relationships, and moves on to a discussion played by trade unions and whether their presence or absence might affect the way in which employers and employees deal with one another. These discussions will be used to inform an examination of the main area of inquiry, providing an informed appraisal of the way in which management styles might affect the employment relationship in firms of varying size. Management Concepts Underlying the Management Styles within Large and Small Firms An abundance of academic literature has been published in the field of management, with one of the earliest theories on management style being that of Frederick Taylor (Casell et al. 2002, p673). This management style (Taylorism ) advocates the standardization of strict standards for performance, and was therefore widely adopted by large industrialized firms (Marlow and Patton, 2002, p22). Taylorism was based on quantity and time as important standards for the measurement of output (division of labour), meaning that the adequacy of any worker was judged by the capability to meet a particular production quota (Berk and Berk 2000, p91). Casell (et al. 2002, p674) states that critics of this management style argue that it degrades the workforce, treating them as mere factors of production: the emphasis on judging people according to rate of output also meant that the quality of an item did not matter, only

Tax Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Tax - Research Paper Example Inherently, the Democratic Party openly endorses a tax system that will see the wealthiest, together with corporations pay their fair share of tax. Moreover, they are calling for decisive steps to be made in order to restore fiscal responsibility. Actually, Obama proposes that tax for people earning over $250,000 annually be raised. Essentially, this will affect about 1% of the country’s population, and moreover, this is expected to reduce the deficit with about $ 4.2 trillion in the next decade. In addition, democratic platform follows the framework for corporate tax reform that was introduced by the president (Kapur 5). Actually, the reform advocates for use of closure of corporate tax holes so as to pay for lower tax rates. Notably also, the platform also seeks to undo corporate tax credits together with deductions for the businesses that mainly shift jobs overseas and in the same time lower the rates for the corporations that have invested in the country, especially in res earch and manufacturing. On the other hand, Gleckman, purports that the 2012 republican platform proposes an absolute overhaul of the federal tax system and instead, it calls for a national sales tax or value added tax as the best solution to the country’s budget problems (4). Further, the republicans claim that the move will involve instituting a value added tax, which entails a tax that will confiscate money at different stages of production process. More importantly, Romney also plans to cut taxes by 20 percent, for all as well as do away with alternative minimum tax together with estate tax as well. In addition, his tax plans also speaks of eliminating taxes on investment income for the couples earning an income of below $200,000 (and $100,000 for individuals), as well as maintain the current low tax rates for those with high incomes. The US federal income tax structures base on models of aggregation in expenditure. Application of the Euler equation approach of Hall (978),

Strategic Formulation Essay Example for Free

Strategic Formulation Essay Strategic formulation refers to the process of choosing the most appropriate course of action for the realization of organizational goals and objectives and thereby achieving the organizational vision. * Role of hrm in strategy formulation: * Administrative linkages: Focussed on the functions of day-to-day activities. * One- way linkage: Plan is informed to the HRM function after the planing is done by the strategic business planning function. * Two- way linkage: Allows for consideration of human resource during the strategy formulation process. * Integrative linkage: Is based on continuing interaction. Strategic HRM is about how the employment relationships for all employees can be managed in such a way as to contribute optimally to the organizations goal achievement. Fundamental Process Consideration The process by which strategies come to be realized is not only through formal HR policies or written directions: strategy realization can also come from actions by managers and others. Since actions provoke reactions (acceptance, confrontation, negotiation etc) these reactions are also part of the strategy process. Characteristics Of the process The strategy formation process is complex, and excessively rationalistic models that advocate formalistic linkages between strategic planning and HR planning are not particularly helpful to our understanding of it. Business strategy may be an important influence on HR strategy but it is only one of several factors. Implicit (if not explicit) in the mix of factors that influence the shape of HR strategies is a set of historical compromises and trade-offs from stakeholders. Look more:  strategic management essay Strategic option and choices The choice of practices that an employer pursues is heavily contingent on a number of factors at the organizational level, including their own business and production strategies, support of HR policies, and cooperative labour  relations. Choices should relate to but also anticipate the critical needs of the business. They should be founded on detailed analysis and study, not just wishful thinking, and should incorporate the experienced and collective judgement of top management about the organizational requirements, while also taking into account the needs of line managers and employees generally. Making the link The link must be judgemental, but it could still be fairly rigorous. Conceptually, the approach would be to develop a matrix, which for each of the key elements of business strategy identifies the associated key elements of HR strategy. Even if the approach cannot be as rigorous as this, the principle of considering each key area of business strategy and, reciprocally, the HR implications provides a basis for integration. Overcoming the barriers To overcome these barriers it is necessary to: 1) conduct a rigorous preliminary analysis of needs and requirements; 2) formulate the strategy; 3) enlist support for the strategy; 4) assess barriers; 5) prepare action plans; 6) project-manage implementation; and 7) follow up and evaluate progress so that remedial action can be taken as necessary. Implementing HR strategies Getting strategies into action is not easy. . It must be emphasized that HR strategies are not just programmes, policies, or plans concerning HR issues that the HR department happens to feel are important. Piecemeal initiatives do not constitute strategy. http://www.businessteacher.org.uk/free-business-essays/porters-five-forces-model.php http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Porter_five_forces_analysis_for_Tata_Steel

College Fraternities and Sororities - The High Cost of Social Acceptanc

College Fraternities and Sororities - The High Cost of Social Acceptance College students who choose to join fraternities or sororities do so because of their need for social acceptance. I am personally against fraternities and sororities. I feel that it is money spent for the purpose of â€Å"buying† friends. There are many ways to meet interesting people other than devoting all of your time and money to a club in order to do so. Perhaps the people who join these groups have low self-esteem, social anxiety, or feel that the best way to make friends in college is to pay for them. I find this issue to be interesting because there are many Greek organizations on campus that are constantly advertising and promoting themselves. Non-members have a tendency to either be annoyed or amused with this behavior. To support my thesis I have conducted surveys, interviews and experiments. Because Greek clubs are all over campus, I knew that my surveys and interviews would receive honest responses as to why people join or don’t join. I asked more in depth questions, such as the person’s opinion about the issue. I was pleased with my responses. I conducted an experiment in my apartment as the third step in my research. I threw a party and passed out Mardi Gras beads to most of the people who attended. I was not partial to any gender. Both men and women received beads. My plan was to observe how much social acceptance affects the way people interact with one another. If my hypothesis were correct, people who did not wear beads would either feel left out and group together, or attempt to mingle with the bead wearers and get rejected. But first, the surveys I conducted were regarding why men and women in coll... ...t your community through fund-raisers all sound like good reasons to join. But buying your way into a club is not going to teach you important skills that you will need to know after schooling. Your â€Å"brothers† or â€Å"sisters† are not going to be with you after graduation, so again you will need to start over in making new friends. And after college there is a very limited amount of organizations where this â€Å"brotherhood† or â€Å"sisterhood† can be found. Social acceptance is wanted everywhere. No one wants to be left empty-handed and unwanted. Although people go about getting this acceptance in different ways, people who choose to join a fraternity or sorority are lacking something in their life, whether it is self-esteem or genuine friendships. They have a need to be a part of a group, even if they may need to change their ways and conform to the organizations demands.

Factors Influencing Conflicts In Schools Education Essay

THESIS PROPOSAL FOR THE MASTERS DEGREE IN EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIPIntroduction:Organizational psychologists start with the position that there is, or can be, a echt struggle between a human being and his or her occupation of work, between the satisfaction of the demands of the single worker, and the demands of the using organisation. However, some common land between them is that: people have demands and, accordingly, motivations for making things. These demands and motivations, hence, do impact peoples behavior, and their behaviour c an be explained, ( Chris, A. ) . There can be conflict between the ends of the organisations and the ends of people working for those organisations. The manner to avoid such struggles in pattern is non by offering payoffs and sweetenings to the workers, nor is it by offering them monolithic public assistance plans, but is by altering the really construction and ends of the organisation to suit peoples personal ends, ( Chris, A. , in Kooontz, H. and C. O'Donnel, 1976 ) . While other minds suggest that, the best type of organisation is one which succeeds best in accomplishing the adjustment of peoples personal ends by advancing worker engagement in determination devising, enabling workers to carry through themselves and utilize a broad assortment of endowments, direction by aims instead than by authorization, and eventually, good communicating and expressive supervising. Schools as organisations are said to be influenced by a combination of factors and have their ain organisational civilization of alteration and development, ( Mbiti, D.M.,1974 ) .In most instances, school development implies the direction of planned alteration. These alterations may at times be consistent or non consistent with the organisational civilization, ( ) .Unplanned alterations are no more than accidents, ( ) . An effort to redesign a school organisational civilization in the manner that will accommodate to the alterations within and in the external environment or to efficaciously accomplish the ends sometimes result into struggles, Mosha, H. ( 1994 ) .This may be caused by displacements in the involvement and perceptual experiences of the organisation members, fright of alteration, self involvement, perceptual experience of the organisation ends schemes by instructors or long for ‘good old yearss ‘ . The school direction has to get the better of these factors if it is to carry through the planned alteration.`BACKGROUND TO THE PROBLEMSchools have traditionally been expected to learn kids academic accomplishments. The school has the duty to develop in each kid a favorable attitude towards learning.Schools are besides topographic points where pupils interact with one another, their instructors and educational decision makers. Many pedagogues believe that pupil behavior affects academic accomplishment ( Boothe, Bradley, Flick, Keough, and Kirk,1993 ) . Traditional disciplinary patterns include assorted signifiers of penalty based on the premise that if negative behaviors are eliminated, the schoolroom clime will be contributing for acquisition, ( Canter & A ; Canter, 1992 ) . Critics of traditional disciplinary patterns believe that the accent on penalty â€Å" thwarts development of pupil duty, leading, independency and mutuality † ( Dreyfuss,1990, in Mahduri Pendharkar,1995 ) . Tanzania like any other developing states is at the head to do socio economic transmutations to accomplish some laid down rules in the Millenium Development Goals ( MDGs ) . Some major transmutations have been directed towards bettering the direction and public presentation of educational establishments including more enrolment in both primary and secondary schools, and prioritising misss instruction, ( TDREG 1989 ) .The period between 2000 t0 2005 have showed an increased school registration. This has besides impacted on enlisting of more instructors and increased authorities outgo in instruction, ( BEST 2005 ) . While improved public presentation in instruction is expected, developing for direction is often neglected. The impact has reflected on often and repeated struggles in schools attesting in boycott, public violence, bead outs, every bit good as dislocation of managerial capacities and answerability in some schools. Whereas, struggle declaration accomplishments for instructors or pupils in most schools is non emphasized. In most schools in Tanzania there are discipline Masterss, Patrons and Matrons whose traditional function is to stamp down negative behaviors of pupils. Some of them were appointed on the footing of certain personal properties instead than the needed accomplishments. Most of them lack conflict direction accomplishments. As a consequence pupils hate them. This is impacted by deficiency of struggle declaration accomplishments in schools. The accent is on stiff regulations and subject. Lyons and Hathering ( 1992 ) pointed out that, organisation wellness is characterized by high degrees of trust, low struggle and clash, regard for differences, personal freedom and single liberty in forms of supervising and control. Conflict in schools need to be decently managed in order to make a healthy organisational clime that is so of import for effectual acquisition and public presentation of duties. Mosha, H.J. ( 1994 ) stressed that, some struggles in higher acquisition establishments occur due to miss of proper diagnosing taking to crisis. Conflicts in schools are either non understood or non managed decently. Burton ( 1969 ) suggested for struggle direction which include disincentive schemes aimed at avoiding escalation of struggle while keeping control without giving manner. Burton farther suggested that if struggle physiques towards crisis successful direction should be able to turn the conflicting forces towards a constructive instead than a destructive way. However, instructors developing plans in Tanzania have non provided for greater flexibleness for instructors to pull off struggles other than going martinets. Mismanagement of struggles in schools has resulted into increased authorities intercession taking to closing of schools and increased outgo. Meanwhile, effectual instruction and acquisition plans are ever impaired taking to farther crisis in schools and the authorities in general. The state of affairs besides creates burn out to some instructors to alter their calling.STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:The intent of this survey is to look into on the factors act uponing struggles in schools in Tanzania. Several struggles have been reported to hold annihilating impacts. There are often and repeated struggles in most schools in Tanzania. The scientific account about the nature of these struggles is non good established neither documented. It has besides been reported that those struggles involve school decision makers and instructors, instructors and pupils, pupils and the school disposal, every bit good as pupils themselves. At some degrees struggles escalate to affect the external school envir onment. The impacts of these struggles have resulted into loss of lives of some pupils, demolished school edifices, public violences, boycott and increased belligerencies in the workplace, deficiency of contributing learning larning environment, dismissal and suspension of pupils, decision makers and instructors. This survey hence, is an effort to look into on the nature of struggles in schools, and perchance come up with the existent account as to why they often occur, every bit good to set up attacks that can be applied to harmonise the state of affairs.OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:( a ) . To place the nature of struggles in public secondary schools in Tanzania. ( B ) . To set up agencies to minimise struggles in schools. ( degree Celsius ) . To lend and widen cognition and accomplishments in struggle direction for schools instructors and decision makers. ( vitamin D ) . To act upon the authorities policy in instruction, struggle direction is an built-in portion of the modern-day school environment.RESEARCH QUESTIONS/HYPOTHESES:Significance OF THE STUDY:This survey is intended to be wide spectrum in nature. It is expected to come up with possible account of the beginnings of struggles in schools as acquisition and work topographic points in Tanzania. It will besides set up possible preventative struggle direction attacks that are so indispensable and could be applied in deciding struggles which arise in the school environment. Whereas, the survey is expected to lend the coevals of new penetrations, cognition and accomplishments in direction in general, and organize a baseline for school decision makers, directors, instructors and pupils to reflect on during state of affairss of jobs taking to struggles. This survey is possibly the innovator one every bit far as conflict direction in schools is concerned. It is expected to act upon the policy of the authorities. Conflicts in the modern-day school environment are going portion and package of the entire instruction system. Finally, the survey will impact on other broader dimensions of the societal systems in Tanzania.LITERATURE REVIEW:This subdivision reviews and examines briefly some literature on relevant scholarly work. Mosha, H.J. ( 1994 ) describes struggle as an synergistic opposing behaviour between two or more people, organisations or systems over incompatible ends, involvements, scarce resources, values, belief system, power and prestigiousness, nature of relationship every bit good as public presentation. He farther states that, struggles behaviours may run from rational jostle or malicious chitchat all the manner to utilize of physical force to do devastation of belongings or physical hurt. Mosha, ( 1994 ) further suggests that struggles are built-in portion of any societal system they need to be decently managed in order to make a healthy organisational clime that is so of import for effectual public presentation of duties. Whereas, Lyons and Hatherly, ( 1992 ) remark on organisational wellness that is the province in establishments characterized by by and large high degrees of trust, low struggle and single liberty in forms of supervising and control. Lyons and Hatherly farther insist that in wellness organisations relationships are honest, there is high grade of trust, hapless public presentation is confronted and joint solutions sought. Peoples feel free to signal jobs and take part in happening solutions. Murphy and Saal ( 1990 ) in Mosha, ( 1994 ) stated that struggle direction is a procedure of going aware of existent or possible struggle, naming its nature and range and using appropriate methodological analysis to spread the emotional energy involved and enable challenging parties to understand and decide their differences. While, Burton ( 1969 ) adds on struggle direction that include disincentive schemes aimed at avoiding escalation of struggle while keeping control without giving manner. Harmonizing to Gray and Starke ( 1990 ) traditionalists conceived struggle as being per se bad. Under this school of thought members of the organisation who caused the struggle were regarded as emotionally disturbed, otherwise they should non hold caused the struggle. Therefore, to extinguish the struggle and thereby work out the job it was necessary to fire or acquire psychiatric aid for the responsible employees ( Jandt and Gillettee,1985 ) . The modern theoreticians harmonizing to ( Gray and Starke,1990 ) in Mosha, ( 1994 ) argue that organisational struggle is neither good nor bad per Se, and that it is inevitable. Conflict is inevitable and non needfully harmful. Indeed, they continue to reason that you can non hold an organisation, community or society that is free from struggle. However, Mosha, H.J. ( 1979:169 ) argues that competency should be the major standard for engagement as educational jobs have branchings that require attending and specialised aid is utile in mobilising needed cognition and judgement. At another graduated table of looking at leading manners, Bennis, W.G. , ( 1989 ) was of the position that the challenges facing organisational leaders are dashing even to the most audacious. Bennis farther remarks that organisational restructuring has bulldozed off much worker morale and trueness, along with many degrees of direction and 1000s of occupations. The disentangled bonds between workers and organisations have increased worker alienation and raised turnover. Bennis, W.G. ( 1989 ) farther commented on accomplishing manners, civilizations, values, wagess and discontinuities that organisations have their particular achieving manners, manners that their civilizations, consciously or unconsciously instill in their members. That is, organisations characteristically reward certain sorts of accomplishing behaviour and punish or disregard other sorts. Organizational civilization both comfort and command its members. It comforts them by bring forthing a familiar context for organisational life and offering rank to those who conform. At the same clip, organisational civilization controls members by compressing the scope of behaviors and attitudes that are valued and rewarded. Furthermore, Max Weber ( 1864-1920 ) examined the organisation and came up with the sentiment that the term organisation meant the ordination of societal relationships, the care of which certain persons took upon themselves as a particular undertaking. Weber, farther maintains that the presence of a leader and an administrative staff was a feature of an organisation, which in fact was them who preserved the organisation. Hence, basic to Weber ‘s thoughts was the impression that human behaviour is regulated by regulations. The being of a distinguishable set of regulations was inexplicit in the construct of organisation. On direction, Henry Fayol ( 1916 ) stated that to pull off is to calculate and be after to form, to command and to coordinate and to command. While G.A. Cole ( 1994 ) proposed a on the job definition for strategic direction as a procedure directed by top direction to find the cardinal purposes or ends of the organisation and guarantee a scope of determinations which will let for the accomplishment of those purposes or ends in the long-run whilst supplying for adaptative responses in the short term. The above implies that, if the direction is non successful in covering with oppositions to alter and if it still wishes to alter and continues to implement the alteration plan, struggle will finally originate, Mosha, ( 1994 ) . Whereas, Ekval, G. ( 1993 ) cautioned that where counter groups, divisions and cantonments exist the work clime is bound to be hapless.

Client-Server Networking Essay Essay

The problem in the given scenario for the user is that the new driver installed to be compatible with the graphics adapter was not downloaded correctly or was incomplete. This is what causes the secondary malfunctions with the screen. When he was seeing the wavy lines it meant that the driver needed to be updated to use the new graphics adapter. He then checked the device manager and saw that it could be updated. He did so and restarted the computer afterwards. As it started he began hearing the noises because the driver was not downloaded correctly. And he then lost the display and could not diagnose the issue properly. In order to resolve this issue you must first restart the computer. As it comes back up from restarting you would put it in safe mode. It should give you the option to do this like it does to start windows normally. Now that you are in safe mode you are able to use a generic graphics driver that it has within it. But you must first uninstall the new driver that was showing the issues and re-install the driver you have before. From here you just wait for the next compatible driver for that graphic adapter to come out for use. Do not attempt to download the new driver again. From there your issue is temporarily resolved.

Essay on What were the signs of gender inequality at EMC

Essay on What were the signs of gender inequality at EMC Essay on What were the signs of gender inequality at EMC Essay on What were the signs of gender inequality at EMCThere were numerous signs of gender inequality at EMC. First of all, the company expected sales agents to pursue aggressive sales policies and to develop friendly relationships with clients by engaging in various entertainment activities. Many of these activities were male-dominated and sometimes discriminatory, for example taking clients to strip clubs (Bulkeley, 2007). Furthermore, it was assumed that sales agents would spend evenings and weekends entertaining clients and trying to win their positive attitude (Bulkeley, 2007). Such expectations placed additional pressure on women because women are generally responsible for a larger part of household work and it is more difficult for women to slice off their free time.Promotion policies and account management routines in EMC were also discriminatory. Managers could reassign accounts from female sales agents to male sales agents (explaining it by the fact that male sales agents had a family to feed), could decline promotion for women basing on the fact that women would not participate in hunting, fishing and other activities meant to lure customers (Bulkeley, 2007). Furthermore, most women in EMC were underpaid, although EMC explained by the specifics of sales work and the amount of effort put in by male and female sales agents. In addition, males in EMC made offensive remarks regarding women, which made the atmosphere even more hostile.How could EMC improve the culture for gender equality, and what suggestions do you have for improving the culture and working conditions at EMC for both women and men? Use the small wins approach suggested by Myerson and Fletcher.EMC should consider changing its culture and practices in order to create a more friendly workplace environment for women; these changes will likely contribute to a more efficient working environment for men as well. It is optimal to use the small wins approach suggested by Meyerson and Fletcher (1 999). Small wins mean small incremental changes in the companys culture, rules and practices targeted at eliminating biases embedded in the system (Meyerson Fletcher, 1999).In EMCs case, it is necessary to formulate precise criteria for promotion and for re-assigning the accounts. These decisions should not be made by one person, but rather should be reviewed by several managers from different departments. In addition, it would be better for EMC to stop funding leisure activities arranged by sales agents. Such practices are controversial, and they require notable time investments of sales agents. Both men and women might burn out when they have to spend evenings and weekends with their clients instead of their family. In addition, EMC should ban ambiguous corporate practices such as inviting showgirls to celebrations and using openly sexual context during such celebrations. These changes are likely to make EMC a more convenient working place both for men and women.

How To Increase Reach With Video Marketing [Podcast]

How To Increase Reach With Video Marketing [Podcast] Video marketing: When you use it to grow your audience, it’s as much a science as it is an art. There are so many platforms, strategies, and networks how do you know where to focus your time, money, and energy for the biggest return? Today we’re talking to Mark Robertson, the co-founder of Little Monster Media, the founder of ReelSEO, and a digital video veteran. He’s going to talk to us about increasing your reach and growing your audience through video marketing. Some of the highlights of the show include: Information about Little Monster Media and what Mark does there. What platforms to focus on for people who are new to video marketing. How brands can build their audiences using YouTube and Facebook Video. How brands can follow the practices of publishers to see success when it comes to advertising and content marketing. Mark gives examples of brands that create compelling content without being â€Å"in your face.† How to know whether video is a medium you should use and harness, as well as stats on how video affects the brain in comparison to how text affects the brain. The importance of testing and measurement when it comes to getting your material in front of the right people. What measurements and technical details to pay attention to in order to succeed with video marketing. Powered by PodcastMotor Actionable Content Marketing powered by By 00:00/00:00 1x 100 > Download file Subscribe on iTunes Leave Review Share Links: Little Monster Media If you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by Mark: â€Å"I truly believe that every brand should be involved in video marketing or content marketing one way or another.† â€Å"What publishers do really well is understand how to tell a story they understand that engaging with the audience is important.† â€Å"Every brand should try video and it all comes down to strategy, audience, measurement and reiteration.†

Chapter Four Reading Response Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Chapter Four Reading Response - Assignment Example t of Egypt whereas Ashoka fought for power and control in India in addition to devotion in Buddhism and imperial religion (Wilkins, Schultz and Linduff 94). I responded negatively to the Arch of Titus, Rome. This was marble over concrete core commissioned by Titus (Wilkins, Schultz and Linduff 95). Additionally, I responded negatively to Flora from the Villa of Arianna at Castellammare di Stabia. This is given that, they both symbolize inconsequential meanings, for example, the Flora signified silk garments that men should not define themselves with and the Arch of Titus represented the suppression of the Jewish movement and flattering control over Jerusalem. I would like to learn more about the Buddhist Monument specifically the Great Stupa at Sanchi. This is considering that I admired the extensive value of this piece of art and its religious significance. I find it simply out of the ordinary piece of arts. How was it possible to preserve the religious value of the Great Stupa at Sanchi from the prehistoric times in early Buddhism to the present day? Finding answers to this question, entails carrying out research which include, consulting art experts and searching the library data base of ancient arts and